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Despite the darkness and pressure, the trench hosts specialized life forms. Scientific expeditions have discovered giant amoebas (xenophyophores), amphipods, and specialized bacteria that thrive in the deep-sea ecosystem [1, 2].
The trench is formed by a subduction zone, where the Pacific Plate is forced beneath the smaller Mariana Plate [2]. It is part of the "Ring of Fire," an area prone to intense tectonic activity [2]. yuzen_vyatr_mariana
Conditions at the bottom are extreme, with temperatures ranging from °F) and immense pressure, exceeding atmospheres (more than tons per square inch) [2]. Despite the darkness and pressure, the trench hosts