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: Higher fixed costs and adverse effects from U.S. tariffs [12, 28].

Recent results were impacted by several non-operating factors [12, 28]: vw.zip

Based on the Volkswagen Group's 2024 and 2025 financial disclosures , : Higher fixed costs and adverse effects from U

: Unplanned provisions for severance programs at Volkswagen AG [12]. vw.zip

Volkswagen is transitioning toward a more circular and electric-focused model [22].

Performance varied significantly across Volkswagen’s brand groups in 2025 [28]:

: Significant decline in operating margin to 0.3%, primarily driven by a changing market in China and slower EV ramp-up. Sustainability & Future Strategy