And Hybrid Cars: Electric

Governments worldwide are mandating the phase-out of new ICE vehicles by 2030–2040. Energy Security: Reducing dependence on imported oil.

Traditional fossil-fuel vehicles are being phased out in favor of sustainable alternatives. As of 2026, global EV ownership has reached approximately , representing 30% year-over-year growth. This shift is propelled by: Electric and Hybrid Cars

This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of and Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) as of April 2026. Abstract Governments worldwide are mandating the phase-out of new

Eliminating tailpipe emissions in urban centers. 2. Classification of Technologies global EV ownership has reached approximately