: The paper introduces Confident Itemsets Explanation (CIE) , a model-agnostic method that identifies sets of features (words or tokens) that strongly influence a model's prediction.

: Common architectures include Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) used to model complex relationships in text data.

: Sentiment analysis of customer reviews, biomedical literature summarization, and disease-treatment classification.

: These models often require large datasets and can be sensitive to "adversarial noise" (small character-level changes that fool the AI).